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Stephen A. Banning

Professional Title:
Assistant Professor

Officer: CGCC 328

Phone: 309-677-2362

E-Mail: sbanning@bradley.edu


Stephen A. Banning researches media theory and effects in general and the third-person effect in particular. Banning has published articles in Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, Mass Communication & Society, Newspaper Research Journal, Journalism History, Journal of Applied Communication, American Journalism and Journal of Advertising Education. Banning worked professionally in radio, television, public relations and advertising before coming to academia. He currently teaches advertising courses.


Ph.D. in Journalism, 1997, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale.

Master of Arts in Journalism, 1993, University of Missouri-Columbia.

Bachelor of Arts in Mass Communication, 1985, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH.


COM 400    Strategic Communication Research
COM 481    Advertising Campaigns
COM 202    Basic Writing Course (Advertising Emphasis)



Peer Reviewed Publication

Banning, S. A. (forthcoming 2006-2007). Third-person perceptions and political participation. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly.

Coleman, R., & Banning, S. A. (summer 2006). Network TV news’ affective framing of the presidential candidates: Evidence for a second-level agenda-setting effect through visual framing. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 83(2), 313-328.

Hixson, T. K., & Banning, S. A. (2005). The effect of educational background as antecedent on the job satisfaction of advertising creatives. Journal of Advertising Education, 9(2).

Banning, S. A. & Evans, J. F. (2004). Counting room voices. Journal of Applied Communication 88(4), 23-38. [distributed April 6, 2005]

Banning, S. A. & Evans, J. F. (2004). Farmers’ voices: Concerns within the agricultural advertiser-media-reader triad. Journal of Applied Communications 88(2), 7-20.

Banning, S. (2003). Nicotine and the third-person effect: Perception of others and consumer social effects. Southwest Journal of Mass Communication, 19(1), 100-107.

Banning, S. A. (2003). The good, the bad and the socially desirable: Advertiser packaging of nicotine in relation to public opinion and the third-person effect.  International Academy of Business Disciplines Yearbook, 10. 67.

Banning, S. A. (2002).  Where there’s smoke there’s framing: School shootings and the media’s tendency to blame.  Southwestern Mass Communication Journal 17(2), 39-50.

Banning, S. A. (2001). Taking the third-person effect outside the laboratory: How an unplanned real world event failed to change the third-person effect.  Communication Research Reports 18(1), 93-103.

Banning, S. A. (2001).  Third-person effect suppressor variables in program evaluations. Web Journal of Mass Communication Research 4(3) [Online serial].  Available:  http://www.scripps.ohiou.edu/wjmcr/vol04/4-3a.htm.

Banning. S. A. (2001).  Do you see what I see?  Third-person effects on public communication through self-esteem, social stigma, and product use.  Mass Communication & Society 4(2), 127-147.

Banning, S. A. & Evans, J. F. (2001).  Fading voices: A 10-year trend within an agricultural advertiser-media reader triad.  Journal of Applied Communications 83(2), 21-38. [Received article of the year award from the Association for Communication Excellence in Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Life and Human Sciences]

Banning, S. A. (2000).  The cradle of professional journalistic education in the mid-nineteenth century.  Journalism History Monographs, 4(1), [Online serial].  Available:  http://www.scripps.ohiou.edu/mediahistory.

Banning, S. A. (2000).  Courageous performance:  Examining standards of courage among small town investigative reporters in the 1950s and 1960s.  American Journalism, 17(2), 545-569.

Banning, S. A. (Winter 1998-1999).  The professionalization of journalism: A nineteenth-century beginning.   Journalism History, 24(4), 157-160.

Banning, S. A. (1999).  Truth is our ultimate goal.   American Journalism, 16(1), 17-39.
Stone, G., O’Donnell, K., & Banning, S. (winter/spring 1997).  Public perceptions of a newspaper’s watchdog role.  Newspaper Research Journal, 18 (1-2), 86-102.

Book Chapters

Banning, S. A. (1999). The Third Person Effect. In G. Stone, M. Singletary, & V. P. Richmond, (Eds.), Clarifying communication theories: A hands on approach (pp. 267-265).  Ames:  Iowa State University Press.

Banning, S. A. (1999). The Third Person Effect. In G. Stone, M. Singletary, & V. P. Richmond, (Eds.), Clarifying communication theories: A hands on approach—Teachers manual (pp. 144-147).  Ames:  Iowa State University Press.


Research Conference Presentations

Banning, S. A., & Wei, R. (November 16, 2006). It can't happen to me: The third-person effect and the need to evacuate prior to Hurricane Katrina. Annual conference of the National Communication Association, San Antonio, TX.

Priest, S., Banning, S. A., Campbell, K., Fussell, H., Taylor, K. (November 16, 2006). Reading Katrina: Information sources and decision-making prior to a natural disaster. Annual conference of the National Communication Association, San Antonio, TX.

Banning, S. A., & Golan G. J., (August 2, 2006). Anchoring the third-person effect hypothesis with the theory of reasoned action (TRA): Self and the desire to meet the social expectations of others. Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, San Francisco, CA.

Banning, S. A. & Trammell, K. (August 4, 2006). Revisiting the issue of blog credibility: A national survey. Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, San Francisco, CA.

Banning, S., Golan, G. & Lundy, L. (August 12, 2005). Political advertising and the third-person effect: Investigating the behavioral consequences of negative political ads. Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, San Antonio, TX.

Banning, S. & Evans, J. (August 12, 2005). Publisher’s choice: The influence of publishers and advertisers on the agri-business press (Second Place Faculty Paper Award-Magazine Division). Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, San Antonio, TX.

Golan, G., Banning, S., & Lundy, L. (May 2005). Likelihood to vote, candidate choice and the Third-Person Effect: Behavioral implications of political advertising in the 2004 Presidential Election. Annual conference of the International Communication Association, New York, NY.

Coleman, R., & Banning, S. A.  (August 8, 2004). How network TV news affectively framed the 2000 presidential election: A second-level agenda-setting conceptualization of TV’s visual elements and the candidates’ nonverbal communication (First Place Faculty Paper Award-Mass Communication and Society Division).  Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Toronto, Canada.

Hixson, K., & Banning, S. A. (August 8, 2004). The effect of educational background as antecedent on the job satisfaction of advertising creatives.  Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Toronto, Canada.

Banning, S. A., & Evans, J. (August 8, 2004). Ag mag readers speak out: Is advertiser influence a concern?  Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Toronto, Canada.

Banning, S. A. (March 28, 2004). Factors affecting the marketing of a public safety message: The third-person effect and uses and gratifications theory in public reaction to a crime reduction program. Annual conference of the American Advertising Association, Baton Rouge, LA.

Coleman, R., & Banning, S. (January 8, 2004). Show don’t tell: A content analysis of nonverbal representation of the 2000 presidential candidates in TV network news. Annual conference of the Southern Politic Scientists Association, New Orleans, LA.

Banning, S. A. (August 2, 2003). Beyond censorship: Real world third-person effects. Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Kansas City, KS.

Banning, S. A. (April 1, 2003). The good, the bad and the socially desirable: Advertiser packaging of nicotine in relation to public opinion and the third-person effect. Annual Conference of the International Academy of Business Disciplines, Orlando, FL.

Banning, S. A. (August 7, 2002).  The credibility connection:  Discovery of a connection between credibility and the third-person effect.  Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Miami, FL.

Banning, S. A. (November 2001).  Risk-taking, drugs and the third-person perception among preteens.  Annual conference of the Midwest Association of Public Opinion Researchers Conference in Chicago, IL.

Banning, S. A. (September 2001).  Targeting an agenda of blame.  Annual conference of the Southwest Educators in Journalism and Mass Communication Conference,Tulsa, OK.

Banning, S. A., & Evans, J. (August 8, 2000).  Farm magazine advertisers turn up the heat: An analysis of ethical pressures faced by farm magazine writers.  Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Phoenix, AZ.

Banning, S. A. (August 8, 2000).   Negative implications of the third-person effect on program assessment validity: An experiment with the Drug Abuse Resistance Education program.  Annual conference of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Phoenix, AZ.

Banning, S. A. (November 9, 1999).  The first natural experiment in the third-person effect hypothesis:  Effects of an unplanned real world event on the third-person effect hypothesis. Annual conference of the Midwest Association of Public Opinion Researchers, Chicago, IL.

Banning, S. A. (November 31, 1998).  I'm okay, you're a pawn of the media.  Annual Conference of the Midwest Association of Public Opinion Researchers, Chicago, IL.

Banning, S. A. (April 1996).  They rocked the boat: A study of the International Society of Weekly Newspaper Editors’ Elijah Parish Lovejoy Awards for courage. Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication Midwest History Conference, Champaign, IL.

Banning, S. A. (April 1995).  Professional meetings or myopic drinking clubs:  A reexamination of press associations in the nineteenth century.  Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication Midwest History Conference, St. Louis, MO.

Banning, S. A. (October 1994).  Uncovering a mid-nineteenth century press association code of ethics.  National American Journalism Historian’s Conference, Roanoke, VA.

Banning, S. A. (August, 1994).  Finding a new origin of journalistic professionalization in the nineteenth century.  National Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communications Convention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Banning, S. A. (April, 1994).  Unearthing the origin of journalistic education.  Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communications (AEJMC) Midwest History Conference, Columbia, Missouri.

Banning, S. A. (October, 1992). The origin of the Missouri Press Association in 1867. American Journalism Historian’s Association (AJHA) National Conference, Lawrence, Kansas.

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